Turkey's Strategic Foreign Policy in 2025
Turkey is navigating an increasingly competitive and uncertain global political landscape in 2025. The international arena is marked by escalating great power rivalries, especially between the U.S. and China, ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East, and shifting alliances.
Challenges in Global Power Competition
The intensifying strategic rivalry between the U.S. and China is reshaping global dynamics, impacting trade, military alliances, and technology supply chains. Turkey faces the dilemma of aligning with Western powers or diversifying its partnerships with non-Western actors like China and Russia to avoid isolation.
Geopolitical Dynamics in the Middle East
Uncertainties in the Middle East present complex challenges for Turkey, including the reconstruction of post-Assad Syria, military tensions between Israel and Iran, and the evolving Abraham Treaty. Turkey's efforts to stabilize the region are complicated by rival actors' interests and ongoing conflicts.
Managing Relations with the U.S. and YPG in Syria
Turkey's approach to the YPG in Syria remains a critical issue in its relations with the U.S. Potential scenarios range from cooperative frameworks to open conflicts, impacting regional stability and bilateral ties. Turkey must carefully navigate these challenges to safeguard its interests.
Role in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict and Iran
Turkey plays a crucial role in mediating the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and balancing Israel's influence in the region. As tensions with Iran escalate due to U.S. containment efforts, Turkey aims to avoid direct involvement in conflicts and adjust its policies accordingly.
Strategic Positioning and Defense Industry
Turkey's strategic autonomy within NATO, focus on domestic defense production, and expanding influence in Africa demonstrate its evolving geopolitical reach. The defense industry plays a key role in reshaping Turkey's regional and global postures, enhancing its security capabilities.
Counterterrorism Efforts and National Security
Counterterrorism remains a top priority for Turkey, addressing threats from PKK/YPG and Daesh. Through military operations, diplomatic engagements, and regional partnerships, Turkey aims to mitigate security risks and combat terrorist activities along its borders.
Conclusion
In 2025, Turkey's foreign policy will be shaped by its ability to adapt to changing global dynamics, defend national interests, and navigate regional complexities. By employing a mix of diplomatic, military, and economic strategies, Turkey seeks to strengthen its position and resilience in a rapidly evolving world.
